द्रव्ययज्ञास्तपोयज्ञा योगयज्ञास्तथापरे। स्वाध्यायज्ञानयज्ञाश्च यतयः संशितव्रताः।।4.28।।
dravya-yajñās tapo-yajñā yoga-yajñās tathāpare swādhyāya-jñāna-yajñāśh cha yatayaḥ sanśhita-vratāḥ
dravya-yajñāḥ—offering one’s own wealth as sacrifice; tapaḥ-yajñāḥ—offering severe austerities as sacrifice; yoga-yajñāḥ—performance of eight-fold path of yogic practices as sacrifice; tathā—thus; apare—others; swādhyāya—cultivating knowledge by studying the scriptures; jñāna-yajñāḥ—those offer cultivation of transcendental knowledge as sacrifice; cha—also; yatayaḥ—these ascetics; sanśhita-vratāḥ—observing strict vows
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In English by Swami Adidevananda
Self-controlled and firm of resolve, others perform the sacrifice of material objects or austerities or yoga; while others offer their scriptural study and knowledge.
In English by Swami Sivananda
Others again offer wealth, austerity, and Yoga as sacrifice, while ascetics of self-restraint and rigid vows offer the study of scriptures and knowledge as sacrifice.
In Hindi by Swami Ramsukhdas
।।4.28।। दूसरे कितने ही तीक्ष्ण व्रत करनेवाले प्रयत्नशील साधक द्रव्य-सम्बन्धी यज्ञ करनेवाले हैं, और कितने ही तपोयज्ञ करनेवाले हैं, और दूसरे कितने ही योगयज्ञ करनेवाले हैं, तथा कितने ही स्वाध्यायरूप ज्ञानयज्ञ करनेवाले हैं।
In English by Swami Sivananda
4.28 द्रव्ययज्ञाः those who offer wealth as sacrifice, तपोयज्ञाः those who offer austerity as sacrifice, योगयज्ञाः those who offer Yoga as sacrifice, तथा thus, अपरे others, स्वाध्यायज्ञानयज्ञाः those who offer study and knowledge as sacrifice, च and, यतयः ascetics or anchorites (persons of selfrestraint), संशितव्रताः persons of rigid vows.Commentary Some do sacrifice by distributing their wealth to the deserving as charity some offer their Tapas (austerities) as sacrifice some practise the eight limbs of Raja Yoga, viz., Yama (the five great vows), Niyama (the canons of conduct), Asana (posture), Pranayama (restraint of breath), Pratyahara (withdrawal of the senses), Dharana (concentration), Dhyana (meditation) and Samadhi (superconscious state), and offer this Yoga as a sacrifice some study the scriptures and offer it as sacrifice.
In Hindi by Swami Ramsukhdas
।।4.28।। व्याख्या--'यतयः संशितव्रताः'--अहिंसा, सत्य, अस्तेय (चोरीका अभाव), ब्रह्मचर्य और अपरिग्रह (भोग-बुद्धिसे संग्रहका अभाव)--ये पाँच 'यम' हैं (टिप्पणी प0 257), जिन्हें 'महाव्रत' के नामसे कहा गया है। शास्त्रोंमें इन महाव्रतोंकी बहुत प्रशंसा, महिमा है। इन व्रतोंका सार यही है कि मनुष्य संसारसे विमुख हो जाय। इन व्रतोंका पालन करनेवाले साधकोंके लिये यहाँ 'संशितव्रताः' पद आया है। इसके सिवाय इस श्लोकमें आये चारों यज्ञोंमें जो-जो पालनीय व्रत अर्थात् नियम हैं, उनपर दृढ़ रहकर उनका पालन करनेवाले भी सब संशितव्रताः हैं। अपने-अपने यज्ञके अनुष्ठानमें प्रयत्नशील होनेके कारण उन्हें 'यतयः' कहा गया है।