Chapter 2, Verse 15
Text
यं हि न व्यथयन्त्येते पुरुषं पुरुषर्षभ। समदुःखसुखं धीरं सोऽमृतत्वाय कल्पते।।2.15।।
Transliteration
yaṁ hi na vyathayantyete puruṣhaṁ puruṣharṣhabha sama-duḥkha-sukhaṁ dhīraṁ so ’mṛitatvāya kalpate
Word Meanings
yam—whom; hi—verily; na—not; vyathayanti—distressed; ete—these; puruṣham—person; puruṣha-ṛiṣhabha—the noblest amongst men, Arjun; sama—equipoised; duḥkha—distress; sukham—happiness; dhīram—steady; saḥ—that person; amṛitatvāya—for liberation; kalpate—becomes eligible
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Translations
In English by Swami Adidevananda
For, he whom these do not affect, O chief of men, and to whom pain and pleasure are equal - that steadfast man alone is worthy of immortality.
In English by Swami Sivananda
That firm man, whom surely these afflictions do not, O chief among men, to whom pleasure and pain are the same, is fit for attaining immortality.
In Hindi by Swami Ramsukhdas
।।2.15।। कारण कि हे पुरुषोंमें श्रेष्ठ अर्जुन! सुख-दुःखमें सम रहनेवाले जिस धीर मनुष्यको ये मात्रास्पर्श (पदार्थ) व्यथित (सुखी-दुःखी) नहीं कर पाते, वह अमर होनेमें समर्थ हो जाता है अर्थात् वह अमर हो जाता है।
In English by Swami Sivananda
2.15 यम् whom, हि surely, न व्यथयन्ति afflict not, एते these, पुरुषम् man, पुरुषर्षभ chief among men, समदुःखसुखम् same in pleasure and pain, धीरम् firm man, सः he, अमृतत्वाय for immortality, कल्पते is fit.Commentary -- Dehadhyasa or identification of the Self with the body is the cause of pleasure and pain. The more you are able to identify yourself with the immortal, allpervading Self, the less will you be affected by the pairs of opposites (Dvandvas, pleasure and pain, etc.)Titiksha or the power of endurance develops the willpower. Calm endurance in pleasure and pain, and heat and cold is one of the alifications of an aspirant on the path of Jnana Yoga. It is one of the Shatsampat or sixfold virtues. It is a condition of right knowledge. Titiksha by itself cannot give you Moksha or liberation, but still, when coupled with discrimination and dispassion, it becomes a means to the attainment of Immortality or knowledge of the Self. (Cf.XVII.53)
In Hindi by Swami Ramsukhdas
।।2.15।। व्याख्या-- 'पुरुषर्षभ'-- मनुष्य प्रायः परिस्थितियोंको बदलनेका ही विचार करता है, जो कभी बदली नहीं जा सकतीं और जिनको बदलना सम्भव ही नहीं। युद्धरूपी परिस्थितिके प्राप्त होनेपर अर्जुनने उसको बदलनेका विचार न करके अपने कल्याणका विचार कर लिया है। यह कल्याणका विचार करना ही मनुष्योंमें उनकी श्रेष्ठता है। 'समदुःखसुखं धीरम्'-- धीर मनुष्य सुखदुःखमें सम होता है। अन्तःकरणकी वृत्तिसे ही सुख और दुःख ये दोनों अलगअलग दीखते हैं। सुख-दुःखके भोगनेमें पुरुष (चेतन) हेतु है और वह हेतु बनता है प्रकृतिमें स्थित होनेसे (गीता 13। 2021)। जब वह अपने स्वरूपमें स्थित हो जाता है तब सुख-दुःखको भोगनेवाला कोई नहीं रहता। अतः अपने-आपमें स्थित होनेसे वह सुख-दुःखमें स्वाभाविक ही सम हो जाता है।