पृथक्त्वेन तु यज्ज्ञानं नानाभावान्पृथग्विधान्।वेत्ति सर्वेषु भूतेषु तज्ज्ञानं विद्धि राजसम्।।18.21।।
pṛithaktvena tu yaj jñānaṁ nānā-bhāvān pṛithag-vidhān vetti sarveṣhu bhūteṣhu taj jñānaṁ viddhi rājasam
pṛithaktvena—unconnected; tu—however; yat—which; jñānam—knowledge; nānā-bhāvān—manifold entities; pṛithak-vidhān—of diversity; vetti—consider; sarveṣhu—in all; bhūteṣhu—living entities; tat—that; jñānam—knowledge; viddhi—know; rājasam—in the mode of passion
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In English by Swami Adidevananda
But that knowledge which sees all beings, due to their individual nature, as distinct entities—know that knowledge to be Rajasic.
In English by Swami Sivananda
But that knowledge which sees in all beings various entities of distinct kinds as being distinct from one another, know thou that knowledge to be Rajasic.
In Hindi by Swami Ramsukhdas
।।18.21।।परन्तु जो ज्ञान अर्थात् जिस ज्ञानके द्वारा मनुष्य सम्पूर्ण प्राणियोंमें अलग-अलग अनेक भावोंको अलग-अलग रूपसे जानता है, उस ज्ञानको तुम राजस समझो।
In English by Swami Sivananda
18.21 पृथक्त्वेन as different from one another, तु but, यत् which, ज्ञानम् knowledge, नानाभावान् various entities, पृथग्विधान् of distinct kinds, वेत्ति knows, सर्वेषु (in) all, भूतेषु in beings, तत् that, ज्ञानम् knowledge, विद्धि know, राजसम् Rajasic.Commentary Knowledge which sees As knowledge cannot be an agent, this should be interpreted to mean knowledge by which one sees.Entities Selves or souls.Different from one another Regarding them as different in different bodies.The knowledge that is led by the idea of separateness is passionate. Enveloping as it does the manifold creation with the veil of separateness, it deludes even the wise man. Owing to passionate knowledge, beings appear to be separate and the perception of unity is also lost sight of. That knowledge which beholds multiplicity in created objects and differentiates them as being small or great, according to their form and size, is of passionate nature and tainted. A man with passionate knowledge sees diversity everywhere. He beholds the many only.Now I will explain to thee, O Arjuna, knowledge that is of the ality of darkness, in order that thou mayest avoid it.
In Hindi by Swami Ramsukhdas
।।18.21।। व्याख्या -- पृथक्त्वेन तु (टिप्पणी प0 904.1) यज्ज्ञानं नानाभावान् पृथग्विधान् -- राजस ज्ञानमें राग की मुख्यता होती है -- रजो रागात्मकं विद्धि (गीता 14। 7)। रागका यह नियम है कि वह जिसमें आ जाता है, उसमें किसीके प्रति आसक्ति, प्रियता पैदा करा देता है और किसीके प्रति द्वेष पैदा करा देता है। इस रागके कारण ही मनुष्य, देवता, यक्षराक्षस, पशुपक्षी, कीटपतङ्ग, वृक्षलता आदि जितने भी चरअचर प्राणी हैं, उन प्राणियोंकी विभिन्न आकृति, स्वभाव, नाम, रूप, गुण आदिको लेकर राजस ज्ञानवाला मनुष्य उनमें रहनेवाली एक ही अविनाशी आत्माको तत्त्वसे अलगअलग समझता है।वेत्ति सर्वेषु भूतेषु तज्ज्ञानं विद्धि राजसम् -- इसी तरह जिस ज्ञानसे मनुष्य अलगअलग शरीरोंमें अन्तःकरण, स्वभाव, इन्द्रियाँ, प्राण आदिके सम्बन्धसे प्राणियोंको भी अलगअलग मानता है, वह ज्ञान राजस कहलाता है। राजस ज्ञानमें जडचेतनका विवेक नहीं होता। सम्बन्ध -- अब तामस ज्ञानका वर्णन करते हैं।